Exercise contraindications for patients with high blood sugar: Caution is needed when the condition is unstable and during strenuous exercise.

Exercise Recommendations and Cautions for Patients with Hyperglycemia:

**Avoid Exercise When Blood Sugar is Unstable:Exercise is not only for improving health but has also become an essential means of treating diabetes. However, studies have shown that exercise therapy should be avoided by diabetic patients when their condition is unstable. This is because, in cases of poorly controlled blood sugar, such as type 2 diabetes patients with blood sugar levels above 300 mg/dL, exercise may lead to additional lactic acid buildup in the blood. Furthermore, excessive mobilization of liver glycogen can lead to short-term underutilization, causing further increases in blood sugar, increased fat breakdown, and ketone body accumulation, thus worsening the condition.

Therefore, diabetic patients must consider their condition when using exercise therapy and should avoid exercising when their condition is unstable.

Avoid Absence from Exercise During Pregnancy: Moderate exercise during pregnancy can lower plasma insulin concentration, improve insulin resistance, and help control blood sugar; it can also prevent excessive weight gain during pregnancy, lower blood lipids, and benefit the health of both mother and child. If the patient's heart rate is <120 beats/min and body temperature is below 37 degrees Celsius, moderate exercise is perfectly acceptable. Exercise should not be limited to indoors but should be done outdoors. Activities safe for both the pregnant woman and the fetus, such as walking and aerobic exercises, are recommended. However, strenuous physical activity should be avoided to prevent harm to the pregnant woman and fetus.

Avoid Strenuous Exercise:While scientific and reasonable exercise is beneficial for diabetic patients, excessive or strenuous exercise is harmful and detrimental to disease control. Experiments have shown that strenuous exercise has the following adverse effects on diabetic patients:

(1) It can worsen kidney disease in patients with diabetes and nephropathy;

(2) It increases fat breakdown, leading to increased ketone body production and potentially inducing ketosis;

(3) In patients with type I diabetes or severe type II diabetes, unstable blood sugar control, especially during periods of repeated hypoglycemia, can further aggravate the condition;

(4) It can cause stress, increasing glucose-raising hormones and thus raising blood sugar;

(5) In middle-aged and elderly patients or those with diabetes and severe vascular complications, it can induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents;

(6) In patients with diabetes and proliferative retinopathy, it can induce retinal hemorrhage.