A detailed explanation of the four major harms of hypertension: target organ damage to the heart, brain, kidneys, and eyes.

The dangers of hypertension should be taken seriously: Medical research shows that the damage and lesions caused by hypertension to the body's organs are a rather long process; especially in the middle and late stages of hypertension, a series of complications arise due to damage to organs such as the heart, brain, and kidneys. It increases the risk and mortality of diseases affecting vital organs such as the heart, brain, kidneys, and fundus.

(1) Harm to the heart
This is mainly manifested in the following two aspects:
① Damage to the heart.
Elevated blood pressure causes the left ventricle to gradually thicken and dilate, leading to hypertensive heart disease after several years or more than a decade.

② Damage to the coronary arteries. Elevated blood pressure damages the intima of the coronary arteries, making it easier for cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein to infiltrate the arterial wall, gradually causing atherosclerosis and eventually coronary heart disease. According to relevant reports, 62.9% to 93.6% of patients with coronary heart disease have a history of hypertension. Once coronary atherosclerosis occurs, the lesions are irreversible. It is evident that hypertension causes significant damage to the coronary arteries. (2) Harm to the Brain: The brain is the command center of the body's control system. The harm of hypertension to the brain mainly refers to cerebrovascular diseases caused by hypertension, such as cerebral hemorrhage, hypertensive encephalopathy, and cerebral infarction. Among these, cerebral hemorrhage is the most common complication of late-stage hypertension. To date, the mortality rate of this disease is gradually increasing, and it easily leaves sequelae.

(3) Harm to the Kidneys: The main effect of hypertension on the kidneys is that the renal arterioles harden and narrow after blood pressure rises, leading to renal ischemia, gradual renal atrophy, and eventually renal insufficiency and uremia.

(4) Harm to the Fundus: As hypertension progresses, symptoms such as retinal hemorrhage, exudation, and edema may appear. Over time, these exudates deposit on the retina, causing visual impairment, such as blurred or distorted vision. Fundus lesions are usually classified into four grades. When the condition reaches grade three, it means that important organs such as the brain, heart, and kidneys have been damaged to a certain extent.