Detailed Guide to Personalized Lipid-Lowering Methods: From Diet and Exercise to Drug Therapy
Methods for lowering lipids vary from person to person: Whether high blood lipids are caused by genetics or other diseases, it's essential to pay attention to regulating daily life and diet. To prevent it from worsening, people should reduce their consumption of red meat and dairy products, and increase their intake of vegetables, fruits, legumes, and fish. In addition to losing weight to achieve a healthy weight, regular exercise is also crucial.
However, if these methods fail to improve high blood lipids or lower them to ideal levels, medication is necessary. Currently, there are many medications available to regulate blood lipids, mainly divided into statins (primarily for lowering cholesterol), fibrates (primarily for lowering triglycerides), and natural drugs. These medications are effective in lowering both cholesterol and triglycerides. Additionally, blood lipid cleansing, which involves circulating the blood throughout the body, is currently popular and can lower blood lipid concentrations. This is more effective than medication, but the downside is that it's more expensive and cannot be used as a preventative measure for high blood lipids. However, since elevated blood lipids are a slow process, regulating blood lipids, especially eliminating their adverse effects, requires a sustained effort. Therefore, patients can choose lipid-lowering methods with significant effects and minimal side effects based on their individual circumstances.
Lifestyle Improvement: Physical exercise not only increases energy expenditure but also enhances metabolism and increases the activity of certain enzymes, especially lipoprotein lipase, which facilitates the transport and breakdown of triglycerides, thereby lowering blood lipid levels. Aim for one hour of exercise daily, maintaining a level that results in slight sweating, no fatigue, and a feeling of lightness afterward. Aim for at least five days of consistent exercise per week.
Smoking or long-term alcohol consumption stimulates the liver to synthesize more endogenous acylglycerols, increasing the concentration of low-density lipoprotein in the blood and worsening hyperlipidemia. Therefore, patients with hyperlipidemia should ideally avoid alcohol and smoking.
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