Lower blood lipid levels aren't always better: Ideal levels and scientific exercise guidelines.

Blood Lipid Levels Should Not Be Too Low
Blood lipids are neutral fats in the human body, including cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids, and are essential physiological substances. They not only participate in energy production and storage but are also the raw materials for the synthesis of adrenal cortical hormones, androgens, and estrogens. If blood lipid levels are too low, some physiological activities of the body will inevitably be affected. Studies show that for middle-aged and elderly people, low cholesterol is not always good. For middle-aged and elderly people over 70 years old, when cholesterol levels are below 4.16 mmol/L, the risk is comparable to cholesterol levels above 6.24 mmol/L. Although the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage decreases with decreasing serum cholesterol levels, when serum cholesterol is below 3.64 mmol/L, the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage is actually higher, and life expectancy is shortened.

What levels are appropriate?
For individuals without coronary heart disease or other atherosclerotic diseases, and without risk factors for coronary heart disease such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and family history, the optimal range for total blood cholesterol is 5.2–5.6 mmol/L, and low-density lipoprotein should be less than 3.6 mmol/L. If risk factors for coronary heart disease are present, but there is no history of coronary heart disease or atherosclerosis, low-density lipoprotein should be less than 3.12 mmol/L, and serum total cholesterol should be less than 5.2 mmol/L. For people who already have coronary heart disease, total cholesterol should be less than 4.68 mmol/L, and low-density lipoprotein should be less than 2.6 mmol/L. High blood sugar often coexists with multiple risk factors such as blood lipids, blood pressure, and obesity. Diabetic patients not only have abnormal glucose metabolism but also abnormal lipid metabolism. Experts point out that diabetic patients are essentially also heart disease patients. If diabetic patients only control blood sugar, they can only prevent complications such as eye and kidney diseases, but cannot reduce the occurrence of life-threatening vascular diseases. Therefore, only by simultaneously controlling blood pressure, blood sugar, and blood lipids can the development of diabetic cardiovascular disease be prevented. Therefore, blood lipid control for diabetic patients should be the same as for coronary heart disease patients.

When blood lipid levels are elevated, people often feel nothing, but the harm is enormous. However, low cholesterol is not a necessary factor for the health of middle-aged and elderly people, and extremely low cholesterol levels may even be associated with coronary heart disease. Therefore, during drug-based lipid-lowering treatment, do not blindly pursue low cholesterol levels. Lipid-lowering treatment for elderly people should be approached with caution, and lowering cholesterol to a certain level is sufficient.

Aerobic exercise can effectively lower blood lipids.
Obesity not only affects appearance but also triggers hyperlipidemia, which has become an "invisible killer" to people's health. Therefore, actively participating in physical exercise is very important for preventing and treating hyperlipidemia. Aerobic exercise is particularly effective in lowering blood lipids and promoting weight loss.

Aerobic exercise effectively lowers blood lipids.
Experts point out that aerobic exercise can increase the gene expression level of high-density lipoprotein receptors, leading to a decrease in low-density lipoprotein levels and an increase in high-density lipoprotein levels, promoting fat metabolism, and thus achieving effective lipid-lowering effects.

Aerobic exercise is the most effective way to burn fat.
Exercise increases energy expenditure. Research data shows that when physical activity consumes 1003 kilojoules per day or 5514-7026 kilojoules per week, and no extra meals or calories are consumed after exercise, weight loss and fat reduction can be achieved. Although various forms of exercise can consume energy, the most effective way is aerobic exercise. Aerobic exercise involves repeated moderate-intensity activities such as running, walking, climbing, and jumping rope. Individuals can choose activities based on their own circumstances and interests.